In the auto industry, they are aiming to make cars more efficient, from using fuel, environment friendly, or using different materials for the car structure frame and components. This however cost money to research and experiment with. With the Obama administration, they put forth a plan that can help create more fuel efficient cars and less emissions from transportation. By using the Federal Government funding from taxpayers, they revived the General Motors and Chrysler in March 2009. This enabled them to return to the market without tearing apart the auto industry. It also gave them a chance to restructure. Federal government pushed forward the plan to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions. Firstly, they hope to increase miles per gallon to 54.5 mpg by 2025. The amount of money going to oil imports are decreasing each year. Oil usage should decrease by 2 million barrels each year and the oil consumption of the first three months of 2012 was down 124,000 barrels of oil. “The National Highway Transportation Safety Administration estimates that the new standards will save approximately 4 billion barrels of oil and 2 billion metric tons of carbon pollution over the lifetime of new vehicles sold between 2017 and 2025” (American Progress). There are now a few bills that pushes forward to better energy efficiency.
While looking into this, I also found another engineer is also trying to tackle this efficiency in another way. Jyhwen Wang, a former research engineer in the steel industry, thinks of lightening the weight of the car instead. With his previous research experience from the steel industry, a major challenge is using the new materials especially advanced varieties of steel, building the automobile body parts that the properties allow for lightweight auto bodies which are often make it difficult to process and advanced steels are also more expensive than conventional steel. Researchers are also using hydroforming; consists of a die in which the material is formed inside a negative mold after the injection of a high-pressure hydraulic fluid, thus allowing more complex shapes and producing lighter and stronger products, to shape the materials into different parts. This process involves predicting the formability of the material.
Auto industry is also starting to invest into Hybrid cars, which uses both gasoline and electricity. It’s more efficient because if you need to accelerate or decelerate you can use electricity which perform better than gasoline and when you are cruising you would use gasoline because they are more efficient at that. The pros are being able to switch between the 2 motors; combustion engine and electric motor, and it contains a hybrid battery which charges when driving and also regenerative braking. There are also the full-electricity cars which runs fully on a electric motor. The battery is recharged by plugging it into an electric grid. It also get a little power back from itself in a process called regenerative braking. In this brake system, the electric motor is reversed and used as a generator to slow the car down, this generator helps recharge the battery a little, which needs a conventional brakes. However with limited battery technology, there have been little progress of this technology, however it is still getting better as we are in the 2015 already. There are also alternatives fuel for power. One to mention is compressed natural gas or liquefied natural gas. They have lower CO2 emissions however a better energy efficiency.
So in the end the auto-industry are trying to use alternative fuel to power engines, using a electric motors, going hybrid with fuel and electric, making the structure of a car more light weighted or creating better battery technology.
References:
- Plumer, Brad. “Cars in the U.S. Are More Fuel-efficient than Ever. Here’s How It Happened.” Washington Post. The Washington Post, 13 Dec. 2013. Web. 7 Oct. 2015. <http://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonkblog/wp/2013/12/13/cars-in-the-u-s-are-more-fuel-efficient-than-ever-heres-how-it-happened/>.
- Villareal, Antonio. “Lighter Cars, More Efficient Cars | 2010 | Research | College of Engineering.” Lighter Cars, More Efficient Cars | 2010 | Research | College of Engineering. Web. 7 Oct. 2015. <https://engineering.tamu.edu/research/2010/lighter-cars-more-efficient-cars>.
- “Energy-Efficient Vehicles | Science Articles | PlanetSEED.” Energy-Efficient Vehicles | Science Articles | PlanetSEED. Web. 7 Oct. 2015.
- <http://www.planetseed.com/relatedarticle/energy-efficient-vehicles>.
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