Increasing the gas mileage is important not only for the environment but also for the economy. thankfully, the government is trying to regulate the MPG (mile per gallon) to an estimated 54.5 mpg by 2025 from the current 27 mpg. The proposal introduced by the president calls for a 5 percent annual increase in fuel economy for cars from 2017 to 2025. The gains are more modest for the light-truck category, which includes sport utility vehicles — 3.5 percent a year through 2021, and then 5 percent annually in the next four years. The standards announced four years ago run through 2016, requiring a corporate average of 36 miles per gallon by then. below are some ways the automobile industry is using ti increase mpg.
1- Hybrid electrical vehicles.
HEVs are vehicles that uses internal combustion engine along with an electric motor that runs on energy stored in a battery. These types of vehicles are not considered all- electric vehicles because they cannot be externally recharged and instead they are recharged with power from the internal combustion engine and regenerative brakes. However, the only disadvantage of HEVs that they are expensive, but technically speaking this increase of cost can be retrieved from gas savings.
2- Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.
Toyota Prius is an example of PHEV. This type of vehicles basically use electricity from batteries installed in the car for a certain distance until discharge. A driver can travel 10 to 15 miles without using gasoline, after that the vehicle will revert back to the normal hybrid mode running on gasoline with the efficiency gains typical of a hybrid. In other words, PHEVs are used to increase mpg. To clarify, if the standard mode is 45 mpg and you typically drive 20 to 30 miles before a recharge, you will do half on the batteries and half in the normal Prius mode, so the standard mode will get you 90 miles per gallon as a PHEV.
References
Beyond Smoke and Mirrors by Burton Richter.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/vehicles/electric_basics_hev.html
Did you know that Toyota also designed the Prius to be aerodynamic? This also help make the car more efficient when driving by reducing drag force. The Prius is also one of the worlds most least resistance car with a drag coefficient of 0.25.
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